Phonetics
Key
Linked uppercase | Phoneme has a letter defined and used in Hilinqwo. |
N/A | Sound does not exist. |
Not used in Hilinqwo. | |
Unlinked lowercase | Phoneme does not have a letter defined but a name is reserved. |
IPA Pulmonic Consonants
Consonant pairs are voiceless/voiced.
Manner \ Place | Labial | Coronal | Dorsal | Laryngeal |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | M | N | Ŋ | N/A |
Stop | P B | T D | K Q | Ɣ |
Sibilant fricative | N/A | S Z | Ʃ Ʒ | N/A | N/A |
Non-sibilant fricative Approximant |
F V | Þ Ð | X J |
H |
Flap/tap Trill |
fh vh | R | N/A | H |
Lateral | N/A | L | N/A |
IPA Non-Pulmonic Consonants
These are not represented in Hilinqwo.
Affricates
Most of these, with the noteworthy exception of [tʃ] and [dʒ], do not have single-letter equivalents. Some can be transcribed into two-letter pairs.
Voiceless | Voiced | |
---|---|---|
Bilabial | pɸ | bβ |
Labiodental | p̪f | b̪v |
Alveolar sibilant | ts | dz |
Dental non-sibilant | tθ | dð |
Palato-alveolar | tʃ | dʒ |
Alveolo-palatal | tɕ | dʑ |
Retroflex | ʈʂ | ɖʐ |
Alveolar lateral | tɬ | dɮ |
Palatal | cç | ɟʝ |
Palatal lateral | cʎ̝̥ | N/A |
Velar | kx | ɡɣ |
Velar lateral | kʟ̝̊ | ɡʟ̝ |
Uvular | qχ | N/A |
Vowels
The distinction between rounded and unrounded vowels is largely irrelevant in Hilinqwo.
Central vowels, with the exception of schwa, are generally discarded.
Height \ Position | Front | Rear |
---|---|---|
Close | I | U |
Close-middle | E | O |
Open-middle | Æ | Œ |
Open | A |